Be an anti-Marxist constitution that promoted "the establishment of a constitutional precept, similar to the one contemplated in the Charter of Federal Germany, which declares contrary to the constitution parties or movements that sustain Marxist ideas or doctrines." He added that it would be necessary to establish "the prohibition of persons professing such ideologies from holding elected office, sanctioning violators with removal from such office.".His points are revealing of the fears held by the civilian-military elite that had assumed power. He stated: "The spirit that animates the Government Junta is of a nationalist nature, and therefore it is necessary to strengthen the values of our democratic system through the integration of the citizenry and the participation of the people to achieve the development and progress of the community, avoiding the interference of foreign elements in conducting the destinies of the Homeland."īut what would this nationalist spirit translate into? Ortúzar himself clarified by highlighting some central elements that the new constitution should consider. Ortúzar's first words on that day in September 1973 showed precisely that motivation. Contrary to the expectations of some actors at the time who imagined the military intervention as something temporary, those who came to power sought from the beginning to remake the foundations of the republic. The early organization of this Constituent Commission, days after the coup, shows the evident interest of the regime in projecting a major transformation of Chile’s political system. During the 1970 elections, he was one of the organizers of the "Independent Alessandrist Movement" that sought the reelection of the former president.
He studied law at the Pontificia Catholic University of Chile and at the University of Chile, and during President Jorge Alessandri's term from1958 to1964 he served in four ministerial posts: secretary general of government, minister of the interior, minister of justice, and minister of foreign affairs. Ortúzar was elected president of the commission-known to this day as the "Ortúzar Commission"-and Eyzaguirre acted as secretary.Įnrique Ortúzar was born in Santiago in 1914. The commission included Sergio Diez, Jaime Guzmán, Jorge Ovalle, Rafael Eyzaguirre, and Enrique Ortúzar-all conservative lawyers with experience in politics. The task of those present was to draw up a preliminary plan for a new constitution. On September 24, 1973, 13 days after the coup d'état, a Constituent Commission met for the first time convened by the military junta that had recently taken de facto power. This article was originally published in Spanish by CIPER.
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